| 摘要: |
| 本研究将农业生产效率和环境影响有机结合在一起，以农业生产碳效率为核心工具进行分析。基于农户调研数据，运用生命周期评价法，对不同设施类型蔬菜生产的碳投入产出及碳足迹进行了测算；在此基础上，运用DEA分别与Tobit模型及CLAD相结合，分析了不同设施类型蔬菜生产的碳效率及其影响因素。结果表明：1）不同设施类型蔬菜生产碳足迹的测算值均为负数，表明设施蔬菜生产整体上对生态环境具有正的外部性；2）设施蔬菜生产碳效率偏低，表明在碳视角下资源配置效率不高；其中，大棚生产碳效率高于温室生产，纯技术碳效率较低而规模碳效率较高，表明农户生产规模接近最优规模，而技术和管理水平偏低，此外温室生产农户的技术和管理水平低于大棚农户；3）经营者从事设施蔬菜生产年限、家庭年收入、使用测土配方施肥技术对碳效率具有显著的正向影响，蔬菜生产设施类型、劳均蔬菜种植面积对碳效率具有显著的负向影响。对此，提出相应的对策建议。 |
| 关键词: 蔬菜生产 碳足迹 碳效率 DEA-Tobit |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2019.05.26 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重大项目（18ZDA074） |
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| Production efficiency of facility vegetables from the perspective of carbon: Based on the empirical research of Beijing |
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JIN Juewen, MU Yueying
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College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| The efficiency of agricultural production and the impact of agriculture on the environment are currently hot research directions of all walks of life.The research using carbon production efficiency as the core tool for analysis combines the two issues organically.Based on the survey data of rural households and by using the life cycle assessment method,the carbon input and output and carbon footprint of different types of vegetable production were measured.The DEA method,Tobit model and CLAD method were then used to analyze the carbon production efficiency of different types of facilities and their influencing factors.The results indicated that:1) The carbon footprint of vegetable production by different types of facilities was negative so that the production of facilities vegetables had a positive externality to the ecological environment;2) The carbon efficiency of facility vegetable production was low,indicating that the resource allocation efficiency was not high under the carbon perspective;Among them,the carbon efficiency of cold shed was higher than that of greenhouse production,the pure technology carbon efficiency was lower and the scale carbon efficiency was higher,indicating that the production scale of farmers was close to optimal.In addition,the technology and management level of greenhouse farmers were lower than that of cold shed farmers;3) Decision-makers were engaged in the production of vegetables in the facility,family annual income,the use of soil testing and formula fertilization technology had a significant positive impact on carbon efficiency.Vegetable production facilities type and per capita vegetable planting area had a significant negative impact on carbon efficiency.Based on this study,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forwarded. |
| Key words: vegetable production carbon footprint carbon efficiency DEA-Tobit model |
