| 摘要: |
| 在室内人工模拟降雨条件下，对6种不同碎石含量（0，5%，10%，20%，30%，40%）的土壤侵蚀产流产沙的过程进行模拟研究。结果表明：碎石含量对径流流速的影响不显著，随着碎石含量的增加，平均径流流速呈减小的趋势。碎石含量对坡面侵蚀径流含沙率影响显著（F=30.076，P<0.05），随着碎石含量的增加，径流含沙率呈降低的趋势。累积产沙量与降雨历时具有对数相关关系，碎石含量为5%时相关性最大，碎石含量越大累积产沙量递增速率越小。土壤中碎石混合通过改变土壤的物质组成和结构，增强土壤的抗蚀性和抗冲性，随着碎石含量的增加，土壤流失量逐渐减少，土壤侵蚀速率显著降低。 |
| 关键词: 碎石 平均流速 径流含沙率 累积产沙量 侵蚀速率 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2016.10.13 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（40120514）；黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金课题（K318009902-14）；西南大学大学生科技创新“光炯”培育项目（20140105） |
|
| Processes of runoff velocity and stages of soil erosion under the effect of rock fragment content |
|
HAN Zhen1, WANG Xiao-yan1,2, LI Xin-xin1
|
|
1.College of Resources and Environment/Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Region Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;2.Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming an Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100, China
|
| Abstract: |
| Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of six different rock fragment contents (0,5%,10%,20%,30%,40%) on runoff and sediment yield with simulated rainfall equipment on the purple soil hillslope.The results showed that:content of rock fragment has no significant effect on the runoff rate.The increase of rock fragment will promote the wetting front downward migration;The sediment yield rate of the slope erosion was significantly effected by rock fragment content(F=30.076,P<0.05).With the increasement of rock fragment content,the rate of sediment yield decreased significantly.There was a linear correlation between cumulative erosion sediment yield and rainfall duration,which was maximum when rock fragment content is 5%.The more of rock fragment content,the lower of the sediment yield increasing rate.By changing the composition and structure of soil,soil mixed with rock fragments improved soil anti-erodibility and anti-scouribility.With the increasement of rock fragment content,the soil loss amount decreased gradually and the rate of soil erosion decreased significantly. |
| Key words: rock fragment average flow velocity sediment concentration cumulative sediments erosion rate |
