摘要: |
为探索适合中药材有机生产的施肥技术,以山西省道地药材-黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge)为研究对象,在山西省灵丘县设置化肥(C)、有机肥(O)、有机肥+矿物肥(OM)、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥(移栽时蘸根)(OMD)、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥(盛花期灌根)(OMI)、有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥(盛花期喷施)(OMS)6个处理对二年生黄芪的生长发育、产量、品质和土壤微生物影响的研究。结果表明:OMD地下部产量最高,较C处理产量提高13.25%,较O处理产量提高了35.75%;OMD处理可以显著提高黄芪多糖和总黄酮的含量,较CK处理分别提高了20.88%和98.50%;OMD和OMI处理对根体积、根长和根系干物质积累的促进作用显著高于C处理;土壤微生物高通量测序结果表明,OMD处理提高了土壤中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)丰度。综合考虑得出有机肥+矿物肥+微生物肥(移栽时蘸根)为最优处理方式。 |
关键词: 有机生产 黄芪 有机肥 矿物肥 微生物肥 |
DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.06.10 |
投稿时间:2023-12-05 |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(2021YFD1901103) |
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Effects of fertilizer types and their different application methods on the organic production of Astragalus membranaceus |
WANG Le1, GAO Youhui1, GAO Yong2, XU Pengju3, PEI Haijun4, HU Yuegao1
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(1.College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Guiyang 551499, China;3.Modern Agricultural Development Center of Lingqiu County, Lingqiu 034400, China;4.Center for Rural Reform and Economic Affairs, Lingqiu County, Lingqiu 034400, China) |
Abstract: |
In order to explore the optimal fertilization technology for the organic production of Chinese medicinal materials, Astragalus membranaceus, a native medicinal material in Shanxi Province, was studied in Lingqiu County, Shanxi Province. Six different treatments including fertilizer (C), organic fertilizer (O), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer (OM), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer (dip roots during transplanting period) (OMD), organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer (full bloom period) (OMI) and organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer (spraying during the flowering stage) (OMS) were designed. The effects of the 6 treatments on the effects of growth and development, yield, quality, and soil microorganisms of biennial A. membranaceus were studied. The results showed that: The yield of OMD underground was the highest, which was 13.25% higher than that of C treatment and 35.75% higher than that of O treatment. Compared with CK treatment, OMD treatment significantly increased the content of Astragalus polysaccharide and total flavone by 20.88% and 98.50%, respectively. The effects of OMD and OMI treatment on root volume, root length and root dry matter accumulation were significantly higher than those of C treatment. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that OMD treatment increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi in soil. After comprehensive consideration, it is concluded that organic fertilizer+mineral fertilizer+microbial fertilizer (dipping root during transplanting) is the most optimal treatment method. |
Key words: organic production Astragalus membranaceus organic fertilizer mineral fertilizer microbial fertilizer |