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| 基于不同地下水下降速度分区的黄淮海平原农户土地利用模式分析 |
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程静怡1,2,孔祥斌1,2*,刘鑫1,2,雷鸣1,2
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| (1.中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;2.自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室, 北京 100193) |
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| 摘要: |
| 为对休耕政策背景下地下水超采区的农户土地利用模式调整提供科学建议，通过分析黄淮海平原不同地下水下降速度分区农户土地利用模式的差异，利用统计分析的研究方法，基于黄淮海平原不同地下水位下降速度分区的330份有效农户调研数据，对不同地下水下降速度分区的农户土地利用模式进行分析，探索其空间差异。结果表明:1)黄淮海平原除地下水一般下降区小麦种植比例仅约为30%外，其余地区均达90%以上，同时地下水较慢下降区水稻种植比例也较大；2)地下水一般下降区因以种植夏玉米为主，故复种指数较低，其他区域复种指数均在1.88以上，同时相较于水热条件较好的地下水较慢下降区和无明显下降区，地下水快速下降区和一般下降区的有效灌溉比率也较高；3)除地下水较慢下降区以外的其他区域以地下水灌溉为主，灌溉费用投入最多，被认为是耕地利用投入集约度存在差异的主要原因；4)小麦和玉米在不同地下水下降速度分区中分别呈现出高投入高产出、高投入偏低产出、低投入偏高产出和低投入低产出的情况。因此，依据黄淮海平原不同地下水下降速度分区的农户土地利用模式差异，在休耕政策制定时有针对性地种植结构调整措施，从而减少对地下水资源的消耗和加强对耕地地力的保护。 |
| 关键词: 黄淮海平原 地下水下降 农户土地利用 农户调研 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2020.04.14 |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-21 |
| 基金项目:教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(17YJA630040) |
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| Analysis of farmers' land use pattern in Huang-Huai-Hai Plains based on different groundwater level dropping speeds regionalization |
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CHENG Jingyi1,2,KONG Xiangbin1,2*,LIU Xin1,2,LEI Ming1,2
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| (1.College of Land and Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality and Monitoring of Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In order to provide scientific advice on adjusting the land use patterns of farmers in the groundwater over-exploitation area under the background of fallow policy, the differences in land use patterns of different groundwater velocity reduction zones in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plains(HHH Plains)were analyzed. By using the statistical analysis methods, the data of 330 effective household surveys in the sub-division rate segment were used to analyze the land use patterns of different groundwater velocity reduction zones and explored their spatial differences. The results showed that: 1)In the HHH Plains, the proportion of wheat planted in the groundwater general decline zone was only about 30%, and those of the rest zones were more than 90%. The proportion of rice planted in the groundwater slower decline zone was also larger; 2)The groundwater general decline was mainly due to the planting of summer maize, and the multiple cropping index was lower than 1. 88 in the rest of the zones. The effective irrigation ratios of the groundwater rapid and general decline zones were also slower than those of zones with slower groundwater decline and no significant decline; 3)In addition to the groundwater slower decline zones, other areas were mainly groundwater irrigation and the input of irrigation costs was the most obvious, which is considered to be the main reason for the difference in the intensity of input of cultivated land use; 4)Wheat and corn planting showed high input-high output, high input-low output, low input-high output and low input-low output patterns in different groundwater decline zones. Therefore, according to the differences in land-use patterns of different landfills in the HHH Plains, the targeted planting structure adjustment measures could be taken into account in the formulation of the fallow policy to reduce the consumption of groundwater resources and strengthen the protection of cultivated land. |
| Key words: Huang-Huai-Hai Plains groundwater level dropping farmers' land use farmers research |
