| 本文已被：浏览 1010次 下载 657次 |
码上扫一扫！ |
| 更新修剪对衰老‘富士’苹果枝条生长及树冠结构的影响 |
|
杜社妮1,2, 白岗栓1,2, 李明霞3, 耿桂俊4
|
|
|
| (1.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌 712100;2.中国科学院/水利部 水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌 712100;3.府谷县人民政府,陕西 府谷 712100;4.中国水电顾问集团 西北勘探设计研究院,西安 710065) |
|
| 摘要: |
| 为探寻更新修剪对衰老期'富士’苹果枝条生长及树冠结构的影响,以长放修剪为对照,测定了枝条生长动态、树冠结构及果实产量和品质。结果表明:不同修剪的发育枝和果台副梢生长动态均为单峰曲线。更新修剪的发育枝长度和粗度分别增加了63.92%和20.93%,果台副梢分别增加了51.14%和9.76%;相同树冠体积徒长枝,长、中枝和营养枝的数量分别增加了132.93%、82.59%、54.47%和76.84%,短枝、叶丛枝和结果枝分别降低了28.84%、31.57%和22.64%;单株树冠体积缩小了14.53%,枝条总量降低了27.82%;叶面积指数、平均叶倾角和消光系数分别提高了9.64%、153.22%和2.97%,冠层开度降低了13.15%;单果质量和产量分别提高了23.61%和30.02%,但对果实食用品质无显著影响。 |
| 关键词: 苹果 衰老树 更新修剪 枝条发育 树冠结构 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2012.03.012 |
| 投稿时间：2011-11-10 |
| 基金项目:中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所领域前沿项目(C127); 国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B05-02) |
|
| Effects of renewal pruning on shoot development and crown structure of the aging Fuji apple tree |
|
DU She-ni1,2, BAI Gang-shuan1,2, LI Ming-xia3, GENG Gui-jun4
|
| (1.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A & F University,Yangling 712100,China;2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China;3.People’s Government of Fugu County,Fugu 719400,China;4.Institute of Northwest Exploration and Design,China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Company,Xi’an 710065,China) |
| Abstract: |
| This paper is concerned on the effects of renewal pruning on shoot growth and crown structure of the aging Fuji apple tree.The long-branch pruning was used as control.The measured parameters were included shoot growth dynamics,crown structure change,fruit yields and quality.The results showed that both newly-developed shoots and lateral shoots of bearing part of different treatments were of character with a single growth peak.The length and diameter of the newly-developed shoots due to pruning were increased by 63.92% and 20.93% respectively,whereas by 51.14% and 9.76% respectively for the lateral shoots of bearing part.In same crown size,the numbers of water branch,long and medium branch and foliage branch were increased by 132.93%,82.59%,54.47% and 76.84% respectively,but short branch,leafage branch and fruit branch by 28.84%,31.57% and 22.64% respectively.However,the canopy of the pruned tree was reduced by 14.53%.Total number of branches was also reduced by 27.82%.Leaf area index,average foliar obliquity and extinction coefficient were increased by 9.64%、153.22% and 2.97% respectively.The canopy openness was reduced by 13.15%.The fruit weight and fruit yields were increased by 23.61% and 30.02% respectively.The renewal pruning had no significant effect on fruit eating quality. |
| Key words: aging apple tree renewal pruning shoots growth crown structure |
